SUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBEHomeHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyGames & QuizzesVideosOn This DayOne Good FactDictionaryNew ArticlesHistory & SocietyHistoryPhilosophy & ReligionPolitics, Law & GovernmentSociety & Social IssuesScience & TechHealth & MedicineScienceTechnologyBiographiesBrowse BiographiesAnimals & NatureBirds, Reptiles & Other VertebratesEnvironmentFossils & Geologic TimeInsects & Other InvertebratesMammalsPlantsGeography & TravelGeography & TravelArts & CultureEntertainment & Pop CultureLiteratureSports & RecreationVisual ArtsImage GalleriesPodcastsSummariesTop QuestionsLists and StoriesBritannica KidsAsk the ChatbotGames & QuizzesHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyVideostextileIntroductionDevelopment of textiles and the textile industryFrom prehistoric times to the 19th centuryEarly textile productionEarly fabricsTextiles in the Middle AgesTextile industries of France and GermanyTextile manufacture in EnglandTextiles in the New WorldEffects of the Industrial RevolutionFrom the 19th century to the presentApplication of scientific methodsThe modern textile industryModern fabricsQuality controlProduction of yarnTextile fibresRaw materialsFactors affecting costConversion to yarnTreatment of raw fibreSpinningEarly spinning methodsModern spinningReeling and throwingYarn packagesTypes of yarnClassification based on number of strandsSingle yarnsPly yarnsCord yarnsNovelty yarnsTextured yarnsStretch yarnsMetallic yarnsClassification based on useFabric construction yarnsYarns used in handworkSewing threadMeasurement systemsIndirect systemsDenier systemTex systemProduction of fabricWoven fabricsThe weaving processEarly development of the loomTwo-barHorizontal frame loomsDrawloomsThe Jacquard attachmentThe flying shuttlePower-driven loomsModern loomsBasic weavesPlain weaveTwill weaveSatin weaveComplex weavesMultiple plain weavePile weaveInlaid weaveJacquard weaveDobby weavesGauze or leno weaveKnitted fabricsKnitting machinesWeft knittingWarp knittingRaschelTricotSpecial effects in warp knitsOther interlaced fabricsNet and lace makingBraiding or plaitingNoninterlaced fabricsFeltBondingLaminatingTextile finishing processesBasic methods and processesPreparatory treatmentsBurling and mendingScouringBleachingMercerizationDryingFinishes enhancing appearanceNapping and shearingBrushingSingeingBeetlingDecatingTentering, crabbing, and heat-settingCalenderingCrepingOptical brighteningFinishes enhancing tactile qualitiesSizingWeightingFullingSofteningFinishes improving performanceShrinkage controlDurable pressCrease resistanceSoil releaseAntistatic finishesAntibacterial and antifungus finishesMoth-repellent treatmentsWaterproofing and water repellenceFlameproof, fireproof, and fire-resistant finishesDyeing and printingDyeingTypes of dyesApplication processForms in which textiles are dyedMachinery and equipmentPrintingBlock printingRoller printingScreen printingHeat transfer printingTextile consumptionChanging uses of fabric in apparelHousehold textilesIndustrial fabricsComposition productsProcessing fabricsDirect-use fabricsFabrics for protective clothingReferences & Edit HistoryQuick Facts & Related TopicsImages & Videostextile summaryBuilding Blocks of Everyday ObjectsTextiles and Design QuizTechnologyIndustryNatural ProductsFacebookXhttps://www.britannica.com/topic/textileHumanities LibreTexts - TextilesWorld History Encyclopedia - The Textile Industry in the British Industrial RevolutionTextile Heritage Museum - A Timeline of Textile HistoryHistory of Clothing - Textile History - Invention of TextileEuropean Route of Industrial Heritage - On the history of Textiles ProductionABC listen - By Design - Textile innovationMinnesota Historical Society - Textiletextile - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)textile - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)Edward Noah Abrahart
Former Assistant Research Manager, Clayton Aniline Co. Ltd., Manchester, England. Author of Dyes and Their Intermediates.AllBritannica Editors
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....Historyfibreyarnderivedlaceembroideryknittingfeltingtextile industry.constructionsyntheticwoolmohairnylonpolyesterinventionnetsthreadbasketrynetPeruweavingculturessilkflaxcottontechnologyProduction of yarn: SpinningProduction of fabric.Britannica Quiz
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In Sicily after the Arab conquestLuccavelvetindustryFrenchwovenFrancis ILyonHenry IVLouis XIIILouis XIVLouis XVIFrench RevolutionFlandersArtoisdamasksColognemedievalorphreyWilliam MorrisAlexander GirardOgata KÅrinJamsetji TataAnni Albersdressfloor coveringyarnfibreclothVerviers - FactsTextile Heritage Museum - A Timeline of Textile HistorySee all related contentElizabeth IEdict of NantesSpitalfieldsweaves
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- Textile, any filament, fiber, or yarn that can be made into fabric or cloth, and the resulting material itself. The term is derived from the Latin textilis and the French texere, meaning âto weave,â and it originally referred only to woven fabrics. It has, however, come to include fabrics produced by other methods.