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characteristics of medieval universitiesLay education and the lower schoolsEducation in Asian civilizations: c. 700 to the eve of Western influenceIndiaThe foundations of Muslim educationThe Mughal periodChinaThe Tang dynasty (618–907 ce)The Song (960–1279)The Mongol period (1206–1368)The Ming period (1368–1644)The Manchu period (1644–1911/12)JapanThe ancient period to the 12th centuryThe feudal period (1192–1867)Education of the warriorsEducation in the Tokugawa eraEffect of early Western contactsEuropean Renaissance and ReformationThe channels of development in Renaissance educationThe Muslim influenceThe secular influenceThe humanistic tradition in ItalyEarly influencesEmergence of the new gymnasiumNonscholastic traditionsThe humanistic tradition of northern and western EuropeDutch humanismJuan Luis VivesThe early English humanistsEducation in the Reformation and Counter-ReformationLuther and the German ReformationThe English ReformationThe French ReformationThe Calvinist 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BangladeshThe postindependence period in Sri LankaAfricaEthiopiaLiberiaSouth AfricaGeneral influences and policies of the colonial powersEducation in Portuguese colonies and former coloniesGerman educational policy in AfricaEducation in British colonies and former coloniesEducation in French colonies and former coloniesEducation in Belgian colonies and former coloniesProblems and tasks of African education in the late 20th centuryThe Middle EastColonialism and its consequencesThe second half of the 20th centuryThe Islamic revivalMigration and the brain drainLatin AmericaThe heritage of independenceAdministrationPrimary education and literacySecondary educationHigher educationReform trendsSoutheast AsiaMyanmarMalaysia and SingaporeIndonesiaPhilippinesThailandCambodiaLaosVietnamGlobal trends in educationThe development and growth of national education systemsEducation and social cohesionEducation and social conflictEducation and personal growthEducation and civil societyEducation and economic developmentGlobal enrollment trends since the mid-20th centuryPrimary-level school enrollmentsSecondary-level school enrollmentsTertiary-level school enrollmentsOther developments in formal educationLiteracy as a measure of successGlobal commitments to education and equality of opportunityAccess to educationImplications for socioeconomic statusSocial consequences of education in developing countriesThe role of the stateSocial and family interactionAlternative forms of educationReferences & Edit HistoryQuick Facts & Related TopicsImages & VideosWhat was education like in ancient Athens?How does social class affect education attainment?When did education become compulsory?What are alternative forms of education?Lifestyles & Social IssuesEducationFacebookXhttps://www.britannica.com/topic/educationWorld History Encyclopedia - Education in the Elizabethan EraeducationEurope in the Middle AgesRobert Frederic Lawson Professor of Comparative Education, Ohio State University, Columbus. Coauthor of Studies in Educational Change.AllBritannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....HistoryUniversity of ParisEuropeEngland;OxfordallusionsuniversityvicissitudesplaguesUniversity of CambridgeacquiredFranciscanstownmendicantsmastercommunitysecularUniversity of HeidelbergPragueClement VImedievalUniversity of HeidelbergUrban VIcanon lawmedicinecivil lawSpainhigher educationValladolidMartin VSalamancaFerdinand IIISt. BartholomewlibrarySevillaLisbonconservativeAlexander HegiusRodolphus AgricolaItalianperniciousrhetoricrevolutionconstitutedlearningRenaissancebenefactorstheologylawvagabondgoliardsmethods of teachingbaccalaureatedoctorate

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