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Professor of Industrial Engineering; Director, Manufacturing Technology Laboratory, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Author of Automation, Production Systems, and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing.Britannica Editors
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....HistoryJacquard loom engraving, 1874mechanizationintegrationautomobile industryengineeringFord Motor CompanymanufacturingcontexttechnologycontrolRoboticsmachineanthropomorphicrobotcomputer scienceinformation processingBritannica Quiz
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Each new development in the history of powered machines has brought with it an increased requirement for control devices to harness the power of the machine. The earliest steam engines required a person to open and close the valves, first to admit steam into the piston chamber and then to exhaust it. Later a slide valve mechanism was devised to automatically accomplish these functions. The only need of the human operator was then to regulate the amount of steam that controlled the engineâs speed and power. This requirement for human attention in the operation of the steam engine was eliminated by the flying-ball governorJames Wattshaftcentrifugal forcenegative feedbackJacques de Vaucansonmachine programmingindustrial robotprogrammable automationflexible automationfixed automationNature - Towards end-to-end automation of AI researchSee all related contentJacquard loomconceptJoseph-Marie JacquardCharles Babbageanalytical enginedata processingprecursordigital computercomputers
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