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Collective behavior | Definition, Types, Theories, Examples, Characteristics, & Facts | Britannica

SUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBEHomeHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyGames & QuizzesVideosOn This DayOne Good FactDictionaryNew ArticlesHistory & SocietyLifestyles & Social IssuesPhilosophy & ReligionPolitics, Law & GovernmentWorld HistoryScience & TechHealth & MedicineScienceTechnologyBiographiesBrowse BiographiesAnimals & NatureBirds, Reptiles & Other VertebratesEnvironmentFossils & Geologic TimeInsects & Other InvertebratesMammalsPlantsGeography & TravelGeography & TravelArts & CultureEntertainment & Pop CultureLiteratureSports & RecreationVisual ArtsImage GalleriesPodcastsSummariesTop QuestionsLists and StoriesBritannica KidsAsk the ChatbotGames & QuizzesHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyVideoscollective behaviorIntroductionElementary forms of collective behaviorMillingRumorRumor-creating situationsThe transmission of rumorStages of rumor transmissionSocial unrestMajor forms of collective behaviorResponses to disasterCommon misconceptionsThe disaster cycleWarning periodImpact and stocktaking periodRescue periodRebuilding or “brickbat” periodCollective obsessionsFadsHysterical contagionDeviant epidemicsFashionCrazesCrowdsActive crowdsExpressive crowdsPanicPublics and massesTheories of collective behaviorIndividual motivation theoriesInteraction theoriesSocial changeThe results of collective behaviorThe variety of effectsShort-term effectsContingenciesLong-term effectsAttempts at controlReferences & Edit HistoryRelated TopicsImagesHealth & MedicinePsychology & Mental HealthFacebookXhttps://www.britannica.com/science/collective-behaviourInternet Archive - "Theory of Collective Behavior"Neil J. Smelser Director, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California. University Professor of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley, 1972–94. Author of Theory of Collective Behavior...AllBritannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....Historycollectiveactivities of peopleinquiriesRobert E. Parkattitudemembersmobsocial structurenormsNeil J. Smelser’sbeliefconceptionsocial changeritualshumorfacilitatecommunicationSUBSCRIBE Milling Prior to most instances of collective behavior there is a period during which people move about in a somewhat agitated but aimless way. Early students of crowd behavior, struck by the resemblance to the milling of cattle before a stampede, gave this form of human activity its name. Its characteristicmoodpartisanRumorGordon W. Allportambiguitydemand for newsrampantstrictly controlled by authoritiesthreatenaccommodationsactionsocialprestigeideainvalidconsensual accountveracityidiosyncraticassimilationprejudicecommunitycruciblecommunitiesRussian RevolutionLeon FestingerNeil Smelsermisinformationbandwagon effectrumourconsensusconvergent theorySee all related contentsuggestiblealternative

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