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Artificial Intelligence | Pros, Cons, Debate, Arguments, Computer Science, & Technology | Britannica

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SUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBEHomeHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyGames & QuizzesVideosOn This DayOne Good FactDictionaryNew ArticlesHistory & SocietyLifestyles & Social IssuesPhilosophy & ReligionPolitics, Law & GovernmentWorld HistoryScience & TechHealth & MedicineScienceTechnologyBiographiesBrowse BiographiesAnimals & NatureBirds, Reptiles & Other VertebratesEnvironmentFossils & Geologic TimeInsects & Other InvertebratesMammalsPlantsGeography & TravelGeography & TravelArts & CultureEntertainment & Pop CultureLiteratureSports & RecreationVisual ArtsImage GalleriesPodcastsSummariesTop QuestionsLists and StoriesBritannica KidsAsk the ChatbotGames & QuizzesHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyVideosArtificial Intelligence (AI)IntroductionPros and Cons at a GlanceProsPro 1: AI can make everyday life more enjoyable and convenient, while improving our health and standard of living.Pro 2: AI makes work easier for students and professionals alike.Pro 3: AI helps marginalized groups by offering accessibility for people with disabilities.Pro 4: AI can improve workplace safety.Pro 5: AI can function as a reliable research partner.Pro QuotesConsCon 1: AI is harming the economic well-being of many people and businesses.Con 2: AI undermines critical thinking skills for students and adults alike.Con 3: AI hurts racial minorities by repeating and exacerbating racism.Con 4: AI poses dangerous privacy risks.Con 5: AI can spread harmful fake news and dangerous misinformation and even incite violence and self-harm.Con QuotesHistorical TimelineB.C.E.Approximately 600 B.C.E.: Greek God Hephæstus Creates Artificial Beings1950 - 19991950 - Alan Turning Creates the Turing Test1956 - John McCarthy Coins the Term “Artificial Intelligence”1955-1956 - Logic Theorist Program Created1958 - Perceptron Invented1959 - Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Founded at MIT1960 - John McCarthy Creates LISP Computer Programming Language1964 - 1966 - Joseph Weizenbaum Creates ELIZA1966 - John McCarthy Stages Computer Chess Games1968 - Alexey Ivakhnenkko Proposes New Approach to AI Progamming1972 - Psychiatrist Kenneth Colby Develops Parry ChatbotOctober 1981 - 1983 - Chatbot Racter Publishes Short Story and Novel1995 - A.L.I.C.E. Chatbot Allows Developer Input1995 - Microsoft Launches BobFebruary 1996 - May 1997 - IBM’s Computer Deep Blue Faces Chess Master Garry Kasparov1997 - Microsoft Launches Clippy1997 - Jabberwacky Launched for Entertainment1998 - Kismet Developed at MIT2000 - 20192001 - Elbot Praised for Humor and Snark2001 - SmarterChild Released for Use on AOL Instant Messenger (AIM) and MSN MessengerJune 4, 2001 - Radiohead Released GooglyMinotaur ChatbotJanuary 13, 2011 - February 16, 2011 - IBM’s Watson Wins Jeopordy!October 4, 2011 - Siri Added to iPhone 4SMay 2014 - Microsoft Launches XiaoIce in ChinaJune 18, 2014 - Eugene Goostman Passes Turing TestApril 2, 2014 - Cortana DebutsNovember 2014 - Alexa Debuts on Amazon EchoJuly 1, 2015 - Google Photos AI Uses Racist TagsDecember 11, 2015 - OpenAI LaunchesMarch 23, 2016 - Microsoft Tay Shut Down within 16 Hours of Launch2017 - 2019 - BBC Produces AI Interactive Storytelling Project2018 - Microsoft Publishes Book on the Future of AIAugust 2018 - Schools Increasingly Track Students with AIJuly 22, 2019 - Microsoft Partners with OpenAI2020 - 2023May 2020 - Thomson Reuters Sues ROSS IntelligenceNovember 30, 2022 - ChatGPT Launched by OpenAINovember 3, 2022 - Class Action Lawsuit Filed against GitHub, Microsoft and OpenAIJanuary 13, 2023 - Visual Artists Sue Stability AIJuly 18, 2023 - Open AI Partners with American Journalism ProjectFebruary 3, 2023 - Getty Images Sues Stability AIMarch 22, 2023 - Tech Giants Call for Six-Month PauseMay 8, 2023 - Brookings Institute Notes Political Bias in AIJune - September 2023 - Three Separate Lawsuits Filed against OpenAIMay 30, 2023 - Wellness Chatbot Taken Offline After Weight Loss FocusJune 22, 2023 - OpenAI CEO Testifies Before SenateJuly 7, 2023 - Authors Sue MetaJuly 11, 2023 - Authors and Other Creatives Sue Google AIAugust 12, 2023 - AI Creates Deadly RecipesSeptember 12, 2023 - Coke Releases Limited Edition Drink Co-created with AISeptember 19, 2023 - January 5, 2024 - Authors’s Groups Sue OpenAIOctober 17, 2023 - Mike Huckabee and Others Sue Bloomberg MediaOctober 18, 2023 - Music Publishers Sue AnthropicOctober 30, 2023 - Biden Establishes Standards for AI Safety and SecurityDecember 2, 2023 - McDonald’s Forms AI Partnership with Google CloudDecember 27, 2023 - June 27, 2024 - Newspapers Sue Microsoft and OpenAI2024January 24, 2024 - Pope Francis Warns Against AIFebruary 8, 2024 - FCC Outlaws Use of AI Voices in RoboCallsFebruary 14, 2024 - Study Finds Carbon Emissions Are Higher for Human Writers and Illustrators than for AIFebruary 21, 2024 - Google’s Gemini AI Over-corrects Racial BiasFebruary 28, 2024 - Raw Story Media and AlterNet Sue OpenAIFebruary 28, 2024 - The Intercept Media Sues OpenAI and MicrosoftMarch 8 - May 2, 2024 - Authors Sue NVIDIAMarch 13 - October 8, 2024 - OpenAI Expands News Media and Content Provider PartnershipsMarch 12, 2024 - Google Limits Election-Related QuestionsJuly 2, 2024 - Report: Ukraine Uses AI-powered Drones in War with RussiaJune 10, 2024 - OpenAI Partners with AppleJuly 10, 2024 - Open AI Partners with Los Alamos National LaboratoryAugust 14, 2024 - AI Allows Man with ALS to SpeakSeptember 4, 2024 - Man Arrested for Fraud, Accused of Using AI to Create Fake BandsOctober 2024 - Mother Sues Character.AI. Over Child’s Death by SuicideOctober 2024 - AI Companies Look to Nuclear PowerOctober 24, 2024 - Biden Signs National Security Memo with AI “Guardrails”October 26, 2024 - AI Mortality Calculator IntroducedOctober 28, 2024 - AI Beats Human Doctors in Diagnosing PatientsNovember 4, 2024 - Meta to Allow U.S. Military Use of AI ModelsNovember 14, 2024 - Studies Find Humans Prefer AI-generated PoetryNovember 14, 2024 - “Daisy” Introduced to Scramble “Granny Scam Artists” in United KingdomNovember 19, 2024 - HarperCollins Will Allow Use of Books for AI TrainingNovember 20, 2024 - AI Coca-Cola Ads Slammed Online as Not “the Real Thing”November 29, 2024 - Canadian News Outlets Sue OpenAIDecember 4, 2024 - Google Releases AI Weather Forecast BotDecember 4, 2024 - UCLA Announces AI Comparative Literature ClassDecember 9, 2024 - Parents File Suit Against Character.AI for Alleged AbuseDecember 12, 2024 - Klarna Chief Executive Claims AI Can Replace Humans at Work2025January 3, 2025 - Reports of Religious Leaders Experimenting with AIJanuary 7, 2025 - Representative Schweikert Introduces Bill to Allow AI to Write PrescriptionsJanuary 9, 2025 - 41 Percent of Surveyed Companies Say They Will Downsize and Use AIJanuary 13, 2025 - Biden Administration Issues AI RulesJanuary 13, 2025 - Washington Post Investigation Finds Misuse of AI by PoliceJanuary 15, 2025 - Gallup Poll Finds Americans Unknowingly Use AIJanuary 15 - February, 2025 - Open AI Expands Media PartnershipsJanuary 16, 2025 - Apple to Disable AI News SummariesJanuary 20, 2025 - Trump Revokes Biden AI Executive OrderJanuary 21, 2025 - Stargate Announced by TrumpJanuary 22, 2025 - AI Failed to Detect Gun Brought to School and Used in ShootingJanuary 23, 2025 - SafeRBot Released in Conjuction with Urbana Police DepartmentJanuary 23, 2025 - “Humanity’s Last Exam” Featured in New York TimesJanuary 27, 2025 - DeepSeek Upends AI WorldJanuary 30, 2025 - OpenAI Partners with U.S. National LaboratoriesFebruary 2, 2025 - Open AI Releases Deep ResearchFebruary 10, 2025 - Nonsense Phrases Mark AI-generated Scientific PapersFebruary 11, 2025 - Thomson Reuters Wins AI Copyright CaseFebruary 21, 2025 - OpenAI Reports Evidence of A.I.-Powered Chinese Surveillance ToolFebruary 24, 2025 - American Psychological Association (APA) Warns Against AI “Therapists”February 25, 2025 - AI Video of Trump and Musk Broadcast at HUDMarch 4, 2025 - OpenAI Announces Partnerships with 15 Research InstitutionsMarch 10, 2025 - Lila Sciences Goes PublicMarch 10, 2025 - Experts Recommend Policy Update for Voice Recognition in CourtroomsMarch 12, 2025 - Sam Altman Unveils AI Model That Is “Good at Creative Writing”March 12, 2025 - Yale Law School Scholar Suspended After AI-news Site Reports Terrorist LinkMarch 20, 2025 - AI Saves Man’s Life According to New York Times ReportMarch 23, 2025 - Author Richard Osman Encourages Authors to “Have a Good Go” at Meta for Copyright InfringementMarch 27, 2025 - Generative AI Therapy Proved UsefulApril 21, 2025 - The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Releases AI RuleApril 30, 2025 - Questions on California Bar Exam Revealed to Be AI-GeneratedMay 1, 2025 - AI-Generated Version of Murder Victim Speaks at SentencingMay 2, 2025 - Microsoft Will Make Gemini AI Chatbot Available to KidsMay 2, 2025 - AI-Powered Shopping Launched by Visa and MastercardApril 3, 2025 - American Adults Wary of AIApril 9, 2025 - Top Generative AI Use Is Therapy/CompanionshipMay 8, 2025 - BBC Launches Course Taught by AI-Generated Agatha ChristieMay 13, 2025 - Audible Will Offer AI Narrators and Translators to PublishersMay 17, 2025 - Students Are Having to Prove They Didn’t Use AI on AssignmentsMay 21, 2025 - AI Weather Model Aurora Outperforms Traditional ModelsMay 21, 2025 - Newspapers Publish AI-Generated Summer Book List Featuring Fake TitlesMay 22, 2025 - Spate of DeepFake Laws Passed Since 2023May 29, 2025 - New York Times Company Agrees to License Editorial Content to Amazon for AI PlatformJune 2025 - FaceAge AI Can Estimate Biological Age, Improving Cancer Surival PredictionsJune 2025 - Timbaland Launches AI Music ProjectJune 2, 2025 - FDA Clears AI Breast Cancer Risk ToolJune 10, 2025 - Study Finds Lower Cognitive Function in LLM-Assisted Essay WritersJune 10, 2025 - FDA Will Use AI to Make Drug Approval Most EfficientJune 11, 2025 - AI Company Mechanize Wants to “Fully Automate Work”June 19, 2025 - Study Finds Reasons Behind Generative Artificial Intelligence Avoidance in College FacultyJune 19, 2025 - Study Finds Larger LLMs Produce “Substantially Higher Emissions” Than Smaller LLMsJune 21, 2025 - AI Creating “Tsunami” of Applicants for Job OpeningsJune 21, 2025 - AI Creating a New Digital DivideJuly 1, 2025 - Cloudflare Announces Default AI Data Scraper BlockJuly 2, 2025 - ChatGPT Is Being Used to Write Biomedical Research PapersAugust 5, 2025 - Clinical Case Reports Man Accidentally Poisoned Himself with Sodium Bromide per ChatGPT SuggestionAssessment Quiz1-minute SurveyDiscussion QuestionsTake ActionSourcesReferences & Edit HistoryRelated TopicsImagesProConFacebookXhttps://www.britannica.com/procon/artificial-intelligence-AI-debateThe Editors of ProCon ProCon's editors write and verify new content and update existing content. ProCon presents the pro and con arguments to debatable issues in a straightforward, nonpartisan, freely accessible way.HistoryArtificial intelligenceArtificial intelligencecomputersIBM[1]Stanford Universityrobots[2]HephaestusPandora[2]Alan TuringNazis’ EnigmaWorld War IITuring test[1][3][4]John McCarthyLISP[1][5][6][7]Defense Advanced Research Projects Agencyexpert systems[10][1][10][11][12]SiriAlexapokersocial media[13][58][120]SiriAlexachatbots[121][122]Historical TimelineRead More.Read More.Read More.Read More.Read More.Read More.Read More.Read More.Read More.Read More.(Go to Con Arguments)[23][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]fictionpoetry[78][79][79][80][81][20][20][20][20][21]ALSquadriparesis[22][14][15][16][17][18][19][18][19][15][103][104][105][105][106][107][108][109][110]LinkedIn[97]David BrooksThe New York Times[101]McKinsey & Company[102](Go to Pro Arguments)[51][35][123][35][52][53][54][55][35][56][57][117][118]Internet is making us stupid[82][83][84][85][86][83][87][88][89]groupthink[90][73][83][22][36][43][44][36][43]recidivism[45][46][47][48][50]Aleksey Navalny[36][37][38][39][91][40][41]CEO[42][111][112][73][75][76][77][92][113]deadly recipesharmful solutionsfacilitated self-harmsuggested violence against parents[114][115][116][119][116]

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