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World War II - German Occupation, Europe, Holocaust | Britannica

SUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBEHomeHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyGames & QuizzesVideosOn This DayOne Good FactDictionaryNew ArticlesHistory & SocietyLifestyles & Social IssuesPhilosophy & ReligionPolitics, Law & GovernmentWorld HistoryScience & TechHealth & MedicineScienceTechnologyBiographiesBrowse BiographiesAnimals & NatureBirds, Reptiles & Other VertebratesEnvironmentFossils & Geologic TimeInsects & Other InvertebratesMammalsPlantsGeography & TravelGeography & TravelArts & CultureEntertainment & Pop CultureLiteratureSports & RecreationVisual ArtsImage GalleriesPodcastsSummariesTop QuestionsLists and StoriesBritannica KidsAsk the ChatbotGames & QuizzesHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyVideosWorld War IIIntroduction & Top QuestionsAxis initiative and Allied reactionThe outbreak of warForces and resources of the European combatants, 1939Technology of war, 1918–39The war in Europe, 1939–41The campaign in Poland, 1939The Baltic states and the Russo-Finnish War, 1939–40The war in the west, September 1939–June 1940The invasion of NorwayThe invasion of the Low Countries and FranceThe evacuation from DunkirkItaly’s entry into the war and the French ArmisticeThe Battle of Britain and the BlitzCentral Europe and the Balkans, 1940–41Other fronts, 1940–41Egypt and Cyrenaica, 1940–summer 1941East AfricaIraq and Syria, 1940–41The beginning of lend-leaseThe Atlantic and the Mediterranean, 1940–41German strategy, 1939–42Invasion of the Soviet Union, 1941The war in the Pacific, 1938–41The war in China, 1937–41Japanese policy, 1939–41Pearl Harbor and the Japanese expansion, to July 1942The fall of SingaporeThe Chinese front and Burma, 1941–42Developments from autumn 1941 to spring 1942Allied strategy and controversies, 1940–42Libya and Egypt, autumn 1941–summer 1942The Germans’ summer offensive in southern Russia, 1942The Allies’ first decisive successesThe Solomons, Papua, Madagascar, the Aleutians, and Burma, July 1942–May 1943Burma, autumn 1942–summer 1943Montgomery’s Battle of el-Alamein and Rommel’s retreat, 1942–43Stalingrad and the German retreat, summer 1942–February 1943The invasion of northwest Africa, November–December 1942Tunisia, November 1942–May 1943The Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the North Sea, 1942–45Air warfare, 1942–43German-occupied EuropeCasablanca and Trident, January–May 1943The Eastern Front, February–September 1943The Southwest and South Pacific, June–October 1943The Allied landings in Europe and the defeat of the Axis powersDevelopments from autumn 1943 to summer 1944Sicily and the fall of Mussolini, July–August 1943The Quadrant Conference (Quebec I)The Allies’ invasion of Italy and the Italian volte-face, 1943The western Allies and Stalin: Cairo and Tehrān, 1943German strategy, from 1943The Eastern Front, October 1943–April 1944The war in the Pacific, October 1943–August 1944The encirclement of RabaulWestern New GuineaThe central PacificThe Burmese frontier and China, November 1943–summer 1944The Italian front, 1944Developments from summer 1944 to autumn 1945The Allied invasions of western Europe, June–November 1944The Eastern Front, June–December 1944Air warfare, 1944Allied policy and strategy: Octagon (Quebec II) and Moscow, 1944The Philippines and Borneo, from September 1944Burma and China, October 1944–May 1945The German offensive in the west, winter 1944–45The Soviet advance to the Oder, January–February 1945YaltaThe German collapse, spring 1945PotsdamThe end of the Japanese war, February–September 1945Iwo Jima and the bombing of TokyoOkinawaHiroshima and NagasakiThe Japanese surrenderCosts of the warKilled, wounded, prisoners, or missingHuman and material costEuropeThe Far EastReferences & Edit HistoryQuick Facts & Related TopicsImages, Videos & InteractivesPop Quiz: 17 Things to Know About World War IIWorld War II summaryWorld War II QuizPick Your Battles QuizWorld WarsA History of WarGermany and World War IIWhat was the cause of World War II?What were the turning points of World War II?How did World War II end?How many people died during World War II?Who won the Battle of Stalingrad?World HistoryWars, Battles & Armed ConflictsFacebookXhttps://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-IICouncil on Foreign Relations - Education - Why Did World War II Happen?The National WWII Museum - World War II and Popular CultureWeapons and Warfare - World War IINational Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - The Effects of World War II on Economic and Health Outcomes across EuropeAir and Space Forces Magazine - CasualtiesNew Zealand History - Second World WarOhio State University - Origins - The Nazis Take Poland and the Start of World War IIWorld War II - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11)World War II - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up)World War IIThe Allies’ first decisive successesThomas A. Hughes Dr. Thomas Alexander Hughes (BA, Saint John’s University; MA, PhD, University of Houston) is an associate professor at the School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, Maxwell AFB, Alabama. He formerly served...AllBritannica Editors Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....HistoryHitlerideologyconceptionpower politicsNetherlandsNorwayGermanyFranceSerbiaPolandSoviet UnionGeorg Baselitz, German artist known for provocation and upside-down paintings, dies at 88Royals boost Dutch military volunteers as Europe looks to ramp up troop numbersRussia to hold a Victory Day parade without military equipment for the 1st time in nearly 2 decadesHeather Morris returns to WWII with 'The Piano Teacher of Montparnasse' set in Nazi-occupied ParisSScorpsNazi PartyEuropeFritz Sauckelforeign workersEuropeforced or slave laborersFinal Solutionextermination of the Jewish peopledecisiveSee all videos for this articleJewsghettoesCommunistsRussiaUkrainesquadsWannsee ConferenceAuschwitzTreblinkaBelzecChełmnoMajdanekSobiborExecution during the HolocaustSlavsconquestwar’sUkraineresentmentgrainresistanceUndergroundRed ArmyPartisansmilitary intelligenceYugoslaviaGreececomprisederadicateindiscriminateantipathyguerrilla warfarecrescendoracism

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