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transistor summary | Britannica

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SUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBESUBSCRIBEHomeHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyGames & QuizzesVideosOn This DayOne Good FactDictionaryNew ArticlesHistory & SocietyLifestyles & Social IssuesPhilosophy & ReligionPolitics, Law & GovernmentWorld HistoryScience & TechHealth & MedicineScienceTechnologyBiographiesBrowse BiographiesAnimals & NatureBirds, Reptiles & Other VertebratesEnvironmentFossils & Geologic TimeInsects & Other InvertebratesMammalsPlantsGeography & TravelGeography & TravelArts & CultureEntertainment & Pop CultureLiteratureSports & RecreationVisual ArtsImage GalleriesPodcastsSummariesTop QuestionsLists and StoriesBritannica KidsAsk the ChatbotGames & QuizzesHistory & SocietyScience & TechBiographiesAnimals & NatureGeography & TravelArts & CultureProConMoneyVideosHomeTechnologyEngineeringMechanical EngineeringFacebookXhttps://www.britannica.com/summary/transistorThe Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....transistorA transistor is a sandwich of dissimilar semiconductors to which are attached three electrodes. Because of the unique electrical properties that occur at p-n junctions, current between two of the electrodes may be turned on or off like a switch by varying the voltage applied to the third electrode. In the metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) shown, current flows between the source and drain electrodes and is regulated by the gate electrode. The n-type semiconductor regions have an excess of electrons, but are separated from each other by the p-type region, which has an excess of positive charge, called “holes.” If a positive voltage is applied to the gate (top), electrons in the p-region will be attracted to the area under the oxide, forming a channel of negative charge between the source and drain. If a positive voltage is then applied to the drain, a current of electrons flows through the device and the transistor is on. If the gate voltage is removed (bottom), the electron channel is broken and the transistor is off.semiconductorsiliconintegrated circuitsTexas Instruments Incorporated SummaryJack Kilby Summary

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